Class 8 Optional Mathematics – Syllabus
Here is the syllabus of Optional Mathematics of Class 8
Unit 1 : Algebra
- Ordered Pairs
- Cartesiaan Product
- Relation
- Function
- Introduction to Polynomial
- Degree of Polynomials
- Operations on Polynomials
- Sequence and series
Unit 2 : Limit and Continuity
- Concept of Limit using Sequence of Numbers
- Concepts of Limit using Sequence of Diagrams
- Limit of Function
- Notational representation of Limit
Unit 3 : Matrix
- Introduction to Matrix
- Operations on Matrices
Unit 4 : Coordinate Geometry
- Distance Formula
- Application of Distance Formula
- Section Formulae
- Slope of straight line
- Slope intercept form
- Area of Triangle
Unit 5 : Trigonometry
- Degree measure and grade measure
- Radian measure
- Pythagorean Theorem
- Trigonometric Ratios
- Operation on Trigonometric Ratios
- Trigonometric Identities
- Complementary Angles
- Height and Distance
Unit 6 : Vector
- Introduction to Vectors
- Types of Vectors
- Operations on Vectors
Unit 7 : Transformation
- Translation
- Reflection
- Rotation
Unit 8 : Statistics
- Arithmetic Mean
- Median
- Quartiles
- Mode
- Measure of Dispersion
Syllabus in Details
Chapter 1 : Relation and Function
- Ordered Pair
- Equality of ordered pairs
- Cartesiaan Product
- Ways of representation of Cartesian Product
- Relation - Introduction
- Ways of representation of a Relation
- Domain and Range of a Relation
- Types of Relations
- Inverse Relation
- Function - Introduction
- Domain, Co-domain, Range, Image and Pre - Image of a Function
- Testing of a function
- Ways of representation of a function
- Functional values
Chapter 2 : Polynomial
- Polynomials
- Degree of Polynomials
- Types of Polynomials
- Standard form of Polynomials
- Equal Polynomials
- Operation of Polynomials
- Synthetic Division
Chapter 3 : Real Number System and Surds
- Introduction
- Real Number System
- Surds
- Different Type of Surds
- Operation of Surds
- Rationalization of Surds
Chapter 4 : Measurement of Angles
- Angle
- Measurement of an Angle
- Measurement of Angles of Polygons
Chapter 5 : Trigonometry
- Trigonometry
- Reference Angle
- Pythagoras Theorem
- Converse of Pythagoras Theorem
- Trigonometric Ratios
- Operation on Trigonometric Ratios
- Trigonometric Identities
- Equation and Identity
- Trigonometric Identity
- Method of Proving a Trigonometric Identity
- Conversion of Trigonometric ratios
Chapter 6 : Trigonometric Ratios of Some Standard Angles
- 0°
- 30°
- 45°
- 60°
- 90°
- T- Ratios of complementary angles
Chapter 7 : Solution of Right-angled triangle, Height and Distance
- Solution of Right-angled triangle
- Height and Distance
Chapter 8 : Coordinate Geometry
- Distance Formula
- Section Formula
- Slope
- Locus
Chapter 9 : Equations of Straight Lines
- Equation of straight lines parallel to coordinate axes
- Equation of straight line slope intercept form ( y= mx+c)
- Equation of a straight line in double intercept forms : x/a + y/b = 1
- Equation of a straight line in normal or perpendicular form : x cosα+y sinα=p
Chapter 10 : Matrix
- Definition of Matrix
- Rows and Columns of a matrix
- Order of a Matrix
- Types of Matrices
- Equal Matrices
- Operation of Matrices - Addition and Subtraction
- Multiplication of Matrix by scalar
- Transpose of a Matrix
- Properties of a Matrix Addition
Chapter 11 : Vectors
- Introduction
- Directed Line Segment
- Component of a Vector
- Magnitude of a Vector
- Types of a Vector
- Operations of a Vector
Chapter 12 : Transformations
- Introduction
- Reflection
- Use of Coordinates in Reflection
- Rotation - Introduction
- Use of Coordinates in Rotation
- Translation - Introduction
- Translation using Translation Vector
Chapter 13 : Statistics
- Introduction
- Collection of Data
- Frequency Table
- Grouped and Continuous Data
- C.F. Table
- Histogram
- Measures of central tendency
- Arithmetic Mean
- Median
- Quartiles
- Mode
- Range
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